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إِيساغُوجِي
Ottoman path, level 1: the Īsāghūjī
Al-Abharī's Īsāghūjī, the matn, term by term in the order of the text: every term with its Arabic, a plain explanation and a short test.
Arabic text after the print of Jakarta 1434/2013 · translation by The Mantiqi, draft
About this text
Īsāghūjī إِيسَاغُوجِي
Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī (d. 663/1265)
- Text
- Arabic, vocalised as in the print: Mutūn al-manṭiq wa-l-ḥikma: Īsāghūjī wa-l-Sullam al-munawraq, ʿAlawī Abū Bakr Muḥammad al-Saqqāf (ḍabṭ wa-taʿlīq), Jakarta: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya 1434/2013
- Translation
- The Mantiqi's own; a draft.
- Review
- Draft, awaiting review by Ustadh Muhammad Yusuf.
- 48 terms
- 6 chapters
- 3 parts
Introduction (al-muqaddima)
Introduction
Introduction المُقَدِّمَة
What logic is, and why knowledge divides into conception and assent.
- Logic · al-manṭiqUp nextالمَنْطِق
- Knowledge · al-ʿilmUp nextالعِلْم
- Conception · al-taṣawwurUp nextالتَّصَوُّر
- Assent · al-taṣdīqUp nextالتَّصْدِيق
- Immediate knowledge · al-ḍarūrīUp nextالضَّرُورِيّ
- Acquired knowledge · al-naẓarīUp nextالنَّظَرِيّ
- Reflection · al-naẓarUp nextالنَّظَر
- Argument · al-ḥujjaUp nextالحُجَّة
Conceptions (al-taṣawwurāt)
Part I
Conceptions التَّصَوُّرَات
How we grasp a meaning: utterances, universals and definition, leading to the defining statement (al-qawl al-shāriḥ).
Chapter 1 · Utterances and signification
الأَلْفَاظ وَالدَّلَالَة- Utterance · al-lafẓUp nextاللَّفْظ
- Signification by correspondence · dalālat al-muṭābaqaUp nextدَلَالَةُ المُطَابَقَة
- Signification by inclusion · dalālat al-taḍammunUp nextدَلَالَةُ التَّضَمُّن
- Signification by implication · dalālat al-iltizāmUp nextدَلَالَةُ الالْتِزَام
- Simple utterance · al-mufradUp nextالمُفْرَد
- Composite utterance · al-murakkabUp nextالمُرَكَّب
- Universal · al-kullīUp nextالكُلِّيّ
- Particular · al-juzʾīUp nextالجُزْئِيّ
Chapter 2 · The five universals
الكُلِّيَّات الخَمْس- Essential universal · al-dhātīUp nextالذَّاتِيّ
- Accidental universal · al-ʿaraḍīUp nextالعَرَضِيّ
- Genus · al-jinsUp nextالجِنْس
- Species · al-nawʿUp nextالنَّوْع
- Differentia · al-faṣlUp nextالفَصْل
- Proprium · al-khāṣṣaUp nextالخَاصَّة
- Common accident · al-ʿaraḍ al-ʿāmmUp nextالعَرَضُ العَامّ
Chapter 3 · Definition
التَّعْرِيفAssents (al-taṣdīqāt)
Part II
Assents التَّصْدِيقَات
How we judge something true or false: propositions and argument, leading to the proof (al-ḥujja).
Chapter 4 · Propositions
القَضَايَا- Proposition · al-qaḍiyyaUp nextالقَضِيَّة
- Categorical proposition · al-ḥamliyyaUp nextالحَمْلِيَّة
- Subject · al-mawḍūʿUp nextالمَوْضُوع
- Predicate · al-maḥmūlUp nextالمَحْمُول
- Quantified proposition · al-maḥṣūraUp nextالمَحْصُورَة
- Conditional proposition · al-sharṭiyyaUp nextالشَّرْطِيَّة
- Connective conditional · al-muttaṣilaUp nextالمُتَّصِلَة
- Disjunctive conditional · al-munfaṣilaUp nextالمُنْفَصِلَة
- Contradiction · al-tanāquḍUp nextالتَّنَاقُض
- Simple conversion · al-ʿaks al-mustawīUp nextالعَكْسُ المُسْتَوِي
Chapter 5 · Syllogism
القِيَاس- Syllogism · al-qiyāsUp nextالقِيَاس
- Conjunctive syllogism · al-qiyās al-iqtirānīUp nextالقِيَاسُ الاقْتِرَانِيّ
- Exceptive syllogism · al-qiyās al-istithnāʾīUp nextالقِيَاسُ الاسْتِثْنَائِيّ
- Middle term · al-ḥadd al-awsaṭUp nextالحَدُّ الأَوْسَط
- Minor and major premise · al-ṣughrā wa-l-kubrāUp nextالصُّغْرَى وَالكُبْرَى
- Figure · al-shaklUp nextالشَّكْل
The five arts (al-ṣināʿāt al-khams)
Part III
The five arts الصِّنَاعَات الخَمْس
Arguments judged by the matter of their premises: from demonstration, which yields certainty, to sophistry, which only seems to.