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Conditional proposition الشَّرْطِيَّة
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Conditional proposition
al-sharṭiyya
الشَّرْطِيَّة
A (sharṭiyya) is made of two joined by a relation of connection or of separation.
Explanation
Its first part is the (muqaddam), its second the (tālī). It is either (muttaṣila) or (munfaṣila).
Also written as: shartiyya, hypothetical proposition.
In the text
وَهِيَ إِمَّا حَمْلِيَّةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: زَيْدٌ كَاتِبٌ، وَإِمَّا شَرْطِيَّةٌ مُتَّصِلَةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: إِنْ كَانَتِ الشَّمْسُ طَالِعَةً فَالنَّهَارُ مَوْجُودٌ، وَإِمَّا شَرْطِيَّةٌ مُنْفَصِلَةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: الْعَدَدُ إِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ زَوْجًا أَوْ فَرْدًا.It is either categorical, as in “Zayd is a writer”; or conditional and connective, as in “If the sun has risen, it is day”; or conditional and disjunctive, as in “A number is either even or odd.”وَالْجُزْءُ الأَوَّلُ مِنَ الْحَمْلِيَّةِ يُسَمَّى: مَوْضُوعًا، وَالثَّانِي: مَحْمُولًا؛ وَالْجُزْءُ الأَوَّلُ مِنَ الشَّرْطِيَّةِ يُسَمَّى: مُقَدَّمًا، وَالثَّانِي: تَالِيًا.The first part of a categorical is called the subject and the second the predicate; the first part of a conditional is called the antecedent and the second the consequent.Related terms
Practise
Test yourself on propositions.
Go to practice · 8 questionsTest yourself
3 questions. With 6 out of 10 or more (two stars) the next term opens.
Question 1
What is a conditional proposition (sharṭiyya) made of?
A joins two whole , either by connection or by separation, rather than affirming one term of another.
Question 2
In “If this is a human, it is an animal”, which part is the antecedent (muqaddam)?
The first part of a is the (muqaddam) and the second the (tālī); here “this is a human” comes first.
Question 3
Into which two kinds does al-Abharī divide the conditional proposition?
A is either (muttaṣila) or (munfaṣila), depending on whether its two parts are joined by connection or by separation.
Next: Connective conditional المُتَّصِلَة
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