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    Home / Assents / Categorical proposition

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    Categorical proposition الحَمْلِيَّة

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    Categorical proposition

    al-ḥamliyya

    الحَمْلِيَّة

    A (ḥamliyya) judges that one thing is, or is not, another.

    Draft · awaiting review

    Explanation

    Its first part is the (mawḍūʿ) and its second the (maḥmūl): in “Zayd is writing”, Zayd is the subject and writing the predicate.

    Also written as: hamliyya, predicative proposition.

    In the text

    وَهِيَ إِمَّا حَمْلِيَّةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: زَيْدٌ كَاتِبٌ، وَإِمَّا شَرْطِيَّةٌ مُتَّصِلَةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: إِنْ كَانَتِ الشَّمْسُ طَالِعَةً فَالنَّهَارُ مَوْجُودٌ، وَإِمَّا شَرْطِيَّةٌ مُنْفَصِلَةٌ كَقَوْلِنَا: الْعَدَدُ إِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ زَوْجًا أَوْ فَرْدًا.It is either categorical, as in “Zayd is a writer”; or conditional and connective, as in “If the sun has risen, it is day”; or conditional and disjunctive, as in “A number is either even or odd.”أَوْ مِنْ حَمْلِيَّةٍ وَمُتَّصِلَةٍ، كَقَوْلِنَا: كُلَّمَا كَانَ هَذَا إِنْسَانًا فَهُوَ حَيَوَانٌ، وَكُلُّ حَيَوَانٍ جِسْمٌ، يُنْتِجُ: كُلَّمَا كَانَ هَذَا إِنْسَانًا فَهُوَ جِسْمٌ؛or of a categorical and a connective, as in “Whenever this is a human, it is an animal; and every animal is a body”, which produces “Whenever this is a human, it is a body”;وَإِمَّا مِنْ حَمْلِيَّةٍ وَمُنْفَصِلَةٍ، كَقَوْلِنَا: كُلُّ عَدَدٍ إِمَّا زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ، وَكُلُّ زَوْجٍ فَهُوَ مُنْقَسِمٌ بِمُتَسَاوِيَيْنِ، يُنْتِجُ: كُلُّ عَدَدٍ إِمَّا فَرْدٌ أَوْ مُنْقَسِمٌ بِمُتَسَاوِيَيْنِ؛or of a categorical and a disjunctive, as in “Every number is either even or odd, and every even number divides into two equal parts”, which produces “Every number is either odd or divides into two equal parts”;

    Examples

    • زَيْدٌ كَاتِبٌZayd is writing

    Related terms

    Practise

    Test yourself on propositions.

    Go to practice · 8 questions

    Test yourself

    3 questions. With 6 out of 10 or more (two stars) the next term opens.

    1. Question 1

      What does a categorical proposition (ḥamliyya) do?

    2. Question 2

      Which of these is a categorical proposition?

    3. Question 3

      In al-Abharī's example “Zayd is a writer”, what is “Zayd”?

      زَيْدٌ كَاتِبٌ

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