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Syllogism القِيَاس
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Syllogism
al-qiyās
القِيَاس
A (qiyās) is a statement composed of such that, once they are granted, another statement follows from them necessarily and by themselves.
In a picture
Explanation
In a the two share a (al-ḥadd al-awsaṭ). Its position in the premises gives four (ashkāl).
Each has its own conditions of (shurūṭ al-intāj); a combination that fails them is (ʿaqīm).
Also written as: qiyas, qiyaas, syllogism.
In the text
الْقِيَاسُ هُوَ: قَوْلٌ مُؤَلَّفٌ مِنْ أَقْوَالٍ، مَتَى سُلِّمَتْ لَزِمَ عَنْهَا لِذَاتِهَا قَوْلٌ آخَرُ.A syllogism is a statement composed of statements such that, once they are granted, another statement follows from them by themselves.Examples
- Every human is an animal; every animal is a body; so every human is a body (first )
Related terms
Practise
Test yourself on syllogism.
Go to practice · 16 questionsTest yourself
3 questions. With 6 out of 10 or more (two stars) the next term opens.
Question 1
What is a syllogism (qiyās)?
A is made of that, once granted, by themselves force a further statement, the ; a statement that makes a thing known is a .
Question 2
Grant “Every writer is a human” and “Every human is mortal”. What follows necessarily?
“Human” links the two , so granting them forces “Every writer is mortal”; the other statements do not follow from these premises by themselves.
Question 3
What does it mean when a combination of premises is called sterile (ʿaqīm)?
Sterility is a matter of form, not truth: when the do not meet the conditions of of their , nothing follows from them necessarily.
Next: Conjunctive syllogism القِيَاسُ الاقْتِرَانِيّ
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