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Kinds of knowledge
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Kinds of knowledge
Introduction · anwāʿ al-ʿilm al-ḥādith · с. 21–22
أَنْوَاعُ الْعِلْمِ الْحَادِثِ
Черновик · ждёт проверки
Арабский текст по изданию Jakarta 1434/2013 · перевод The Mantiqi, черновик
Об этом тексте
al-Sullam al-munawraq السُّلَّمُ الْمُنَوْرَقُ
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Akhḍarī (d. 983/1575)
- Текст
- Арабский, переписан The Mantiqi с этого издания: Mutūn al-manṭiq wa-l-ḥikma: Īsāghūjī wa-l-Sullam al-munawraq, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, Jakarta 1434/2013, pp. 20–32 Посмотреть скан
- Уроки идут по
- Уроки — собственные объяснения The Mantiqi, глава за главой самого текста.
- Перевод
- Собственный перевод The Mantiqi; черновик.
- Проверка
- Черновик, ожидает проверки: Ustadh Muhammad Yusuf.
Текст
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Оригинал на арабском, Mutūn al-manṭiq wa-l-ḥikma: Īsāghūjī wa-l-Sullam al-munawraq, Jakarta 1434/2013
إِدْرَاكُ مُفْرَدٍ تَصَوُّرًا عُلِمْوَدَرْكُ نِسْبَةٍ بِتَصْدِيقٍ وُسِمْ
وَقَدِّمِ الْأَوَّلَ عِنْدَ الْوَضْعِلِأَنَّهُ مُقَدَّمٌ بِالطَّبْعِ
Perceiving a single thing is known as conception; perceiving a relation is called assent. Put the first first when setting out, because it comes first by nature.
Google Переводчик ↗с. 21–22
وَالنَّظَرِي مَا احْتَاجَ لِلتَّأَمُّلِوَعَكْسُهُ هُوَ الضَّرُورِيُّ الْجَلِي
وَمَا بِهِ إِلَى تَصَوُّرٍ وُصِلْيُدْعَى بِقَوْلٍ شَارِحٍ فَلْتَبْتَهِلْ
وَمَا لِتَصْدِيقٍ بِهِ تُوُصِّلَابِحُجَّةٍ يُعْرَفُ عِنْدَ الْعُقَلَا
The theoretical is what needs reflection, and its opposite is the necessary, the evident. What leads to a conception is called an explanatory phrase — so take note; and what is used to reach an assent is known among the wise as a proof.
Google Переводчик ↗с. 22
Урок
Created — the knowledge of creatures, as opposed to God's — is of two kinds. Perceiving a single thing is (taṣawwur); perceiving a relation, that one thing is or is not another, is (taṣdīq). Conception is put first in teaching because it comes first by nature: an assent always needs the conceptions of its parts.
Each is either theoretical (naẓarī), needing , or necessary (ḍarūrī), evident without it. What leads to an unknown is the explanatory phrase (qawl shāriḥ), that is, a ; what leads to an unknown is a proof (ḥujja). These two — definition and proof — are the two halves of the poem.
Понятия
- الْعِلْمُ الْحَادِثُ al-ʿilm al-ḥādith
- created knowledge, the knowledge of creatures
- التَّصَوُّرُ al-taṣawwur
- conception: perceiving a single thing
- التَّصْدِيقُ al-taṣdīq
- assent: perceiving a relation
- النَّظَرِيُّ al-naẓarī
- theoretical: needs reflection
- الضَّرُورِيُّ al-ḍarūrī
- necessary: evident
- الْقَوْلُ الشَّارِحُ al-qawl al-shāriḥ
- explanatory phrase: leads to a conception
- الْحُجَّةُ al-ḥujja
- proof: leads to an assent
Примеры
إِدْرَاكُ مُفْرَدٍ تَصَوُّرًا عُلِمْ
perceiving a single thing is known as conception
Проверьте себя
Вопросов по этому уроку: 3. С 6 из 10 и выше (две звезды) открывается следующий урок.
Вопрос 1
Why is conception put before assent?
An assent needs the conception of its parts, so conception comes first by nature (bi-l-ṭabʿ).
Вопрос 2
What leads to an unknown assent?
The explanatory phrase leads to a conception; the proof leads to an assent.
Вопрос 3
Knowledge that needs reflection is called…
The theoretical is what needs reflection; its opposite is the necessary, the evident.
Следующий урок: The three kinds of signification
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