North-African path · level 2 · Ḥāshiyat al-Bājūrī ʿalā al-Sullam · 18 میں سے سبق 1

What logic is, and what it is for

Introduction · muqaddimat al-ḥāshiya · p. 26

مُقَدِّمَةُ الحاشِيَةِ

مسودہ · نظرِ ثانی کا منتظر

Our own lessons with quotations from the print of Cairo 1324/1906 · translation by The Mantiqi, draft

About this text

Ḥāshiyat al-Bājūrī ʿalā al-Sullam حاشِيَةُ الباجُورِيِّ عَلَى السُّلَّمِ

Ibrāhīm al-Bājūrī (d. 1276/1860)

Text: Arabic: passages quoted in the lessons, transcribed by The Mantiqi from this print (the whole text is not reproduced): Ḥāshiyat al-Bājūrī ʿalā matn al-Sullam, with al-Anbābī's taqrīr in the margin, al-Maṭbaʿa al-Azhariyya al-Miṣriyya (2nd printing), Cairo 1324/1906, pp. 26–112 (passages) View the scan
Lessons follow: The lessons are The Mantiqi's own explanations of the Sullam, verse by verse, following Ibrāhīm al-Bājūrī; his words are quoted where they matter most.
Translation: The Mantiqi's own; a draft.
Review: Draft, awaiting review by Ustadh Muhammad Yusuf.

In Ibrāhīm al-Bājūrī's words

Need another language? “Google Translate” opens a passage in Google's machine translation — handy for a first idea, but not checked by us. Or copy the text into a translator of your choice.

Quoted from the Arabic of Ḥāshiyat al-Bājūrī ʿalā matn al-Sullam, with al-Anbābī's taqrīr in the margin, Cairo 1324/1906

وَمَوْضُوعُهُ المَعْلُوماتُ التَّصَوُّرِيَّةُ وَالتَّصْدِيقِيَّةُ مِنْ حَيْثُ صِحَّةُ إِيصالِها إِلَى أَمْرٍ مَجْهُولٍ تَصَوُّرِيٍّ أَوْ تَصْدِيقِيٍّ، وَثَمَرَتُهُ ما أَشارَ المُصَنِّفُ مِنْ أَنَّهُ يَعْصِمُ الذِّهْنَ عَنِ الخَطَإِ فِي الفِكْرِ.

Its subject matter is what is known by conception and by assent, insofar as it can soundly lead to something unknown, conceptual or assentive; and its fruit is what the author points to: that it protects the mind from error in thinking.

Google Translate ↗p. 26

The lesson

Ibrāhīm al-Bājūrī (d. 1276/1860), later Shaykh al-Azhar, wrote his gloss directly on the verses of al-Akhḍarī's Sullam. He explains it word by word: each note opens with “his words …” (qawluhu) and a phrase of the poem, followed by what it means and what has been said about it. These lessons follow his notes in the order of the poem and quote him where he matters most; you have read the poem itself on the level before.

Before the poem begins, al-Bājūrī sets out the “” (al-mabādiʾ al-ʿashara) that a student should know of any science: its , , fruit, merit, relation to other sciences, founder, name, source, ruling and questions. He quotes the well-known verses that sum them up, which end: “whoever grasps them all has gained honour” (wa-man darā l-jamīʿa ḥāza l-sharafā).

For he gives the matter as what is known by and by , insofar as it can lead soundly to something unknown; and its fruit as what al-Akhḍarī says in his comparison with grammar: logic protects the mind from error in thinking. Its merit is that it serves every science, because every science reasons, through definitions and arguments.

Terms

المَبادِئُ العَشَرَةُ al-mabādiʾ al-ʿashara: the ten principles one knows of a science before studying it
مَوْضُوعُ العِلْمِ mawḍūʿ al-ʿilm: the subject matter of a science, whose essential attributes it studies
ثَمَرَةُ العِلْمِ thamarat al-ʿilm: its fruit: what one gains by it

Examples

يَعْصِمُ الذِّهْنَ عَنِ الخَطَإِ فِي الفِكْرِ
it protects the mind from error in thinking

اپنا امتحان لیں

3 questions on this lesson. With 6 out of 10 or more (two stars) the next lesson opens.

سوال 1
According to al-Bājūrī, what is the subject matter of logic?
سوال 2
What does he give as the fruit (thamara) of logic?
سوال 3
What are “the ten principles” (al-mabādiʾ al-ʿashara)?

اگلا سبق: May one study logic? The three opinions

جاری رکھیں ←