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The compound modal propositions

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Indian path · level 3 · Tahdhīb al-manṭiq · درس 9 از 16

The compound modal propositions

قضایا

القَضَايَا

Arabic text after the print of Cairo 1330/1912 · translation by The Mantiqi, draft

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Tahdhīb al-manṭiq تَهْذِيبُ المَنْطِقِ

Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī (d. 792/1390)

Text
Arabic: Matn Tahdhīb al-manṭiq wa-l-kalām (the logic part; the notes on the kalām part not reproduced), with notes collected by ʿAbd al-Qādir Maʿrūf al-Kurdī al-Sanandajī; vowel marks added by The Mantiqi (draft); two misprints corrected to the usual reading (p. 6 yalzamu taṣawwuruhu min taṣawwuri l-malzūm for the print's yalzamu min taṣawwurihi taṣawwuru l-malzūm; p. 13 al-fiṭriyyāt for al-naẓariyyāt), Maṭbaʿat al-Saʿāda, Cairo 1330/1912 View the scan
Translation
The Mantiqi's own; a draft.
Review
Draft, awaiting review by Ustadh Muhammad Yusuf.

متن Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī

ترجمه فعلاً به انگلیسی است.

وَقَدْ تُقَيَّدُ العامَّتانِ وَالوَقْتِيَّتانِ المُطْلَقَتانِ بِاللّادَوامِ الذّاتِيِّ، فَتُسَمَّى المَشْرُوطَةَ الخاصَّةَ، وَالعُرْفِيَّةَ الخاصَّةَ، وَالوَقْتِيَّةَ، وَالمُنْتَشِرَةَ. وَقَدْ تُقَيَّدُ المُطْلَقَةُ العامَّةُ بِاللّاضَرُورَةِ الذّاتِيَّةِ، فَتُسَمَّى الوُجُودِيَّةَ اللّاضَرُورِيَّةَ، أَوْ بِاللّادَوامِ الذّاتِيِّ، وَتُسَمَّى الوُجُودِيَّةَ اللّادائِمَةَ. وَقَدْ تُقَيَّدُ المُمْكِنَةُ العامَّةُ بِلا ضَرُورَةِ الجانِبِ المُوافِقِ أَيْضًا، وَتُسَمَّى المُمْكِنَةَ الخاصَّةَ. وَهٰذِهِ مُرَكَّباتٌ، لِأَنَّ اللّادَوامَ إِشارَةٌ إِلَى مُطْلَقَةٍ عامَّةٍ، وَاللّاضَرُورَةَ إِشارَةٌ إِلَى مُمْكِنَةٍ عامَّةٍ، مُخالِفَتَيِ الكَيْفِيَّةِ، مُوافِقَتَيِ الكَمِّيَّةِ لِما قُيِّدَ بِهِما.

The two general ones and the two absolute temporals are sometimes restricted by “not perpetually as long as the itself exists” (lā dawām dhātī); they are then called the special , the special conventional, the temporal and the spread. The general absolute is sometimes restricted by “not necessarily as long as the subject itself exists” (lā ḍarūra dhātiyya), and is then called the non-necessary existential; or by “not perpetually”, and is then called the non-perpetual existential. The general possible is sometimes restricted by the non-necessity of the matching side as well, and is called the special possible. These are compounds, because “not perpetually” points to a general absolute, and “not necessarily” to a general possible, differing in quality and agreeing in quantity with what they restrict.

Tahdhīb al-manṭiq · ص 8–9

خودت را بیازما

3 پرسش دربارهٔ آنچه شرح توضیح می‌دهد. با ۶ از ۱۰ یا بیشتر (دو ستاره) درس بعدی باز می‌شود.

  1. پرسش 1

    Which compound arises when the general conditional is restricted by “not perpetually as long as the subject itself exists”?

  2. پرسش 2

    Why are these propositions called compounds (murakkabāt)?

  3. پرسش 3

    The general possible restricted also by the non-necessity of the matching side becomes…

درس بعدی: The kinds of conditional

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