Ottoman professor and judge of Bursa to whom the TDV and Brockelmann ascribe the gloss on al-Jurjānī’s ‘small gloss’ on the Quṭbī that Ottoman medreses read with the Shamsiyya; Ḥājjī Khalīfa ascribes it to an earlier Qara Dāwūd.
Life
According to the TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Kara Dâvud was born in İzmit (hence İzmitî), the son of a man named Kamāl. He studied with Molla Luṭfī, Ḥājjī Ḥasanzāde and Müeyyedzāde ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Efendi, and taught in the medreses of Kaplıca in Bursa, of Trabzon, the Üç Şerefeli in Edirne and the Ṣaḥn-ı Semān in Istanbul, the highest college of the empire. In 929/1522–23 he was appointed judge of Bursa; dismissed, he retired, returned to the office after a long interval and retired again at his own request. He died in Bursa in Ṣafar 948/June 1541 and was buried beside a mosque he built near Yıldırım.
His known works are glosses on the standard logic books and a commentary on legal theory. The most important is a gloss on al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī’s ‘small gloss’ (Ḥāshiya kūchak) on Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Taḥrīr al-qawāʿid al-manṭiqiyya, that is, a third layer above the Shamsiyya; it was printed in Istanbul in 1285/1868. He also glossed Shams al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī’s commentary on al-Urmawī’s Maṭāliʿ al-anwār, a gloss itself glossed by Birgili Kara Ḫalīl and Yūsuf Efendizāde.
In the Ottoman course his gloss stood beside al-Jurjānī’s. The rhymed study plan of Erzurumlu İbrāhīm Ḥaqqī (1165/1752) tells the student to ‘read the Shamsiyya and the Quṭb of logic; know Dāwūd and al-Sayyid’, and the Kevâkib-i sebʿa list (1741) pairs the commentary on the Shamsiyya with the glosses of al-Sayyid and Qara Dāwūd (see ‘The Shamsiyya in the madrasa’ and ‘The Ottoman medrese’).
Uncertain or disputed
- Authorship of the gloss on al-Jurjānī: the TDV and Brockelmann ascribe it to Kara Dâvud of İzmit (d. 948/1541); Kâtip Çelebi (Ḥājjī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, as reported by the TDV and the catalogue of this section) insists that it belongs to an earlier Mawlā Qara Dāwūd, a pupil of al-Taftāzānī, and that the ascription to Dāwūd b. Kamāl al-Qūjawī is a mistake.
- Separate glosses on the conceptions (taṣawwurāt) and assents (taṣdīqāt) ascribed to Dāwūd b. Kamāl may belong to the earlier Qara Dāwūd (TDV). Works ascribed to Kara Dâvud elsewhere, including a gloss on the Tahdhīb, are according to the TDV most likely by Dāwūd al-Qārisī (d. 1169/1756); PIPDI nevertheless lists a commentary on the Tahdhīb under ‘Qara Dāʾūd al-Qūchawī (948/1541)’.
- Year of birth is not recorded.
Works
- Ḥāshiya ʿalā Ḥāshiyat Kūchak ʿalā Taḥrīr al-qawāʿid al-manṭiqiyya (Ḥāshiya ʿalā Sharḥ al-Shamsiyya) حَاشِيَةٌ عَلَى حَاشِيَةِ كُوجَكْ عَلَى تَحْرِيرِ القَوَاعِدِ المَنْطِقِيَّةِ — üzerine al-Risāla al-ShamsiyyaGloss on al-Jurjānī’s small gloss on Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s commentary on the Shamsiyya; printed Istanbul 1285/1868. Authorship disputed (see below).hâşiye
- Ḥāshiya ʿalā Sharḥ Maṭāliʿ al-anwārGloss on Shams al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī’s commentary on al-Urmawī’s Maṭāliʿ; glossed in turn by Birgili Kara Ḫalīl and Yūsuf Efendizāde (TDV).hâşiye
- Sharḥ al-ManārCommentary on al-Nasafī’s Manār al-anwār on legal theory; not mentioned by the biographers, but a copy is in the Köprülü Library (TDV).şerh
Reception
His gloss belongs to the canonical Ottoman sequence of logic books and was printed in the nineteenth century; Wisnovsky’s handlist after Brockelmann (PIPDI) lists him among the glossators of al-Jurjānī’s small gloss.
Sources (3)