al-Dasūqī

Mālikī jurist and theologian who taught at al-Azhar; his gloss on Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s commentary on the Shamsiyya is printed in the Cairo collection Shurūḥ al-Shamsiyya.

Life

Al-Dasūqī was born in Dasūq in the Gharbiyya province of Lower Egypt and went to Cairo to study. He memorised the Qurʾān, attended the lessons of the Mālikī scholars ʿAlī al-ʿAdawī and al-Dardīr, and studied philosophy (ḥikma), astronomy, timekeeping and geometry with Ḥasan al-Jabartī, Muḥammad al-Nafrāwī and the Shāfiʿī Muḥammad al-Junājī; from al-Jabartī he also learnt Ḥanafī law. After graduating from al-Azhar he taught there, and the TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi says he mastered law, theology, grammar, rhetoric, logic, astronomy and geometry. His students included Aḥmad al-Ṣāwī, ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣaʿīdī and Ḥasan al-ʿAṭṭār. He died in Cairo on 21 Rabīʿ II 1230 (2 April 1815).

His best-known works are glosses on standard Azhar texts: on al-Dardīr’s great commentary on Khalīl’s Mukhtaṣar in Mālikī law, on Ibn Hishām’s Mughnī al-labīb, on al-Taftāzānī’s commentary on the Talkhīṣ al-Miftāḥ, on al-Sanūsī’s creed and on the Samarqandī commentary on al-Ījī’s treatise on the assignment of words (al-Risāla al-waḍʿiyya). In logic he glossed Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Taḥrīr al-qawāʿid al-manṭiqiyya, the commentary on the Shamsiyya; the government press at Būlāq printed it in 1323/1905 in the two volumes of Shurūḥ al-Shamsiyya, together with the glosses of al-Jurjānī, al-Dawānī, ʿIṣām al-Dīn, al-Siyālkūtī and al-Shirbīnī. Brockelmann also records al-Tajrīd al-shāfī, his gloss on al-Khabīṣī’s commentary on al-Taftāzānī’s Tahdhīb, the commentary most used for that book in Egypt.

Works

• Ḥāshiya ʿalā Taḥrīr al-qawāʿid al-manṭiqiyya حَاشِيَةٌ عَلَى تَحْرِيرِ القَوَاعِدِ المَنْطِقِيَّةِ — عَلَى Quṭb al-Dīn al-RāzīOn Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s commentary on the Shamsiyya; printed (TDV, after Sarkīs), notably in Shurūḥ al-Shamsiyya (Būlāq 1323/1905).حاشِيَة
• al-Tajrīd al-shāfī ʿalā Tadhhīb al-manṭiq al-kāfī التَّجْرِيدُ الشَّافِي — عَلَى al-KhabīṣīOn al-Khabīṣī’s commentary on the Tahdhīb; printed in Cairo (Brockelmann; the date is unclear in the scan) and in editions combining the glosses of al-ʿAṭṭār and al-Sharnūbī.حاشِيَة
• Ḥāshiya ʿalā al-Sharḥ al-kabīrOn al-Dardīr’s commentary on Khalīl’s Mukhtaṣar, his best-known work (Būlāq 1282 and many later prints).حاشِيَة
• Ḥāshiya ʿalā Sharḥ al-Risāla al-waḍʿiyyaOn the Samarqandī commentary on al-Ījī’s treatise on the assignment of words to meanings (Cairo 1295).حاشِيَة

Reception

His glosses on both the Shamsiyya and the Tahdhīb tradition were part of the advanced logic course at al-Azhar in the nineteenth century, and his student Ḥasan al-ʿAṭṭār continued that work.