Ḥall mushkilāt al-Ishārāt

Al-Ṭūsī's commentary on Ibn Sīnā's Pointers and Reminders, finished in Ṣafar 644/1246 while he lived in the Ismāʿīlī fortresses. It explains Ibn Sīnā's own views and defends them against the criticisms of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī; Quṭb al-Dīn al-Rāzī later adjudicated between the two commentaries in his Muḥākamāt. For a time the logic of the Ishārāt was read with this commentary, until the Shamsiyya replaced it: most copies of the Ishārāt and the commentary made after 1400 no longer contain the logic section. It is the main witness to the Avicennian side in the thirteenth-century debates.

Draft · awaiting review by a qualified teacher